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The Wainwright Family of Essex County Massachusetts |
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The Wainwright Family
Last Updated 03 June, 2007
he
family name Wainwright originated in the midlands of England and comes
from the old English Waegnrig meaning "wagon maker". An analysis
of How and
when did my Wainwright progenitor first arrive on American shores? There
are several possibilities. He
could have come late from England. Peter Wainwrightimmigrated to Boston in the
mid-18th century... Although he returned to England, his children remained in
America. His descendents include General Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright
(Hero
of World War II), and Henry C. Wainwright, (founder of the Wainwright Bank in
Massachusetts). He may have come to this country involuntarily. Indeed, the Colonies were used until the 1760s as a place of exile for convicts. "Immigrants to America" mentions a Thomas Wainwright who arrived in Connecticut on 10 July 1678 from Kings Cliffe, Northamptonshire, as an exile aboard a prison ship. He later appears in town records of Dedham Massachusetts. He could have come to New England as a British soldier. New Castle, an island at the mouth of the Piscataway River, was the location of Fort William and Mary, a British garrison guarding the entrance to Portsmouth Harbor. Because of its strategic position as gateway to the New England frontier, this fort was heavily defended against possible attack by the French. Many British and Colonial soldiers were stationed there and on the opposite bank at Kittery Point in Maine throughout the eighteenth century. Because British military records of the period do not include enlisted men, I cannot prove or disprove this theory. H "A singular coincidence has been developed
in connection with the gallant cruiser "Gloucester" and her equally gallant
Commander, Lieutenant-Commander [Richard M] Wainwright. This story was also told to me by my father and is something of a family legend. As he related the story, Rear Admiral Wainwright made time to visit our family when he visited Gloucester and recounted our family connection. Rear Admiral Richard M Wainwright was the son of Lt. Col. Robert Dewar Wainwright (US Marines) and the grand-son of Richard Wainwright, a planter from Charleston, South Carolina. The Wainwright plantation was located in Summerville, a village just outside Charleston that is part of Dorchester County, settled in part by immigrants from Ipswich Massachusetts in 1696. The story leads me to an intriguing possibility
that occupies my attention currently. My ancestor could have
descended from the family of Francis Wainwright of Ipswich Massachusetts.
Francis arrived in Ipswich about 1638 from Chelmsford, Essex England, an
apprentice of Alexander Knight. He fought bravely in the Pequot War and
received large grants of land for John's wife, Hannah Redford was born in 1691, the daughter of William Redford and widow Sarah (Frost) Shipway. Sarah died in 1695 and William married as his second wife Elizabeth Dew. William Redford died in 1697 and Elizabeth married as her second husband Richard Wibird, of Portsmouth, a prominent merchant and a man influential in the affairs of the New Hampshire Colony. Elizabeth and her husband raised young Hannah with great affection, and after the death of Hannah's husband John Wainwright, they took in Hannah's young daughter Mehitibel. She would, in 1746, become the wife of Meshach Weare, the first Governor of the State of New Hampshire. Hannah married as her second husband John Pecker in Haverhill and lived with him in Boston, though all their ten children were recorded at Haverhill. No further mention of this Wainwright family can be found in New Hampshire records. There has been mention of another son of Francis, named Benjamin who fought in the Pequot War and was supposed to have died in Deerfield. In 1696 a group of colonists from the Massachusetts Bay Colony traveled aboard a ship to settle in South Carolina, at the invitation of that province's Governor. The ship was wrecked on the outer shoals of North Carolina, but nevertheless these colonists founded the County of Dorchester in South Carolina. One of those ship board passengers was named Benjamin Wainwright, possibly the same man as the Benjamin, son of Francis, who was supposedly killed in the War. If this is so, then it is likely that this individual founded the plantation that was later to be the home of the Admiral's family. I
can trace my Wainwright line to one Thomas Wainwright of Portsmouth New
Hampshire, a Revolutionary War soldier who served in the Continental Militia
from Rowley Massachusetts
and later settled in Gloucester
Massachusetts. His origins are obscure, but there are a few
tantalizing clues.
Thomas Wainwright
resident
of the South End of Portsmouth appears on Poll Tax lists from 1764 to the year
1768, when the word "dead" is written across his name. There is, in the New
Hampshire Provincial Court records, a judgment issued in 1764 against this
Thomas on charges that he defaulted on a bill for thirty two days' lodging for
him and his wife, Elizabeth in November 1763. Although I have little other
supporting information, I believe that he and Elizabeth are Mary Wainwright's
in-laws. A
Hannah Wainwrightis mentioned in the Rowley
Selectmen's records in 1761 "from the state of New Hampshire", and in the
Gloucester Selectmen's Records of August
1790 "from Portsmouth". She may have been a sister-in-law of Mary
Wainwright and therefore an aunt of Thomas Wainwright. Her presence in
Gloucester in 1790 was likely that of a wedding guest. I cannot explain
Hannah's appearance in Rowley in 1761, but Thomas' later appearance in Rowley
must be considered as an extraordinary coincidence.
In Thomas Wainwright married Lydia Lurvey of New Gloucester Maine in Gloucester Massachusetts in April 1790. He was, however, not considered a resident of the Town. In August of that year, the Gloucester Selectmen issued a warrant naming "Thomas Wainwright of Rowley, his wife and family" as non-residents and warning them out of town. Also mentioned in the warrant is Hannah Wainwright, from Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Thomas appears again in the Gloucester Poll Tax list of 1792, where he is listed as owner of one quarter of a dwelling house in the Sandy Bay Parish. His name does not appear in the Massachusetts Direct Tax Census of 1798.
Major John Rowe, a cousin of Thomas' daughter-in-law Mary Rowe, in his will dated 3 August, 1801, lists a promissory note signed by Thomas on 22 April, 1801 in the amount of $7.14. Since there is no further mention of this note in the Essex County Probate records, we must presume that the debt was repaid.
Thomas disappears from public records after 16 May 1812 with
the birth of his daughter Lucy.
Ebenezer Pool writes
that he personally saw Thomas on Flag Day, 17 June 1811, and that he probably
died soon afterward in 1811 or 1812.
He may have been lost at sea, or he may have died from
disease. We will probably never
know for sure.
Thomas, the eldest son of Thomas
and Lydia, married Harriett Hale
in
October 1814, settled in the Fifth Parish at Sandy Bay (now Rockport), and had a
large family of his own. This Thomas was one of those called to muster on 8
September 1814, when the British Man-of War
Nymph entered Pigeon Cove and shelled the village.
A Cargo Lighter (unloader) by trade, He speculated in real estate in 1816, and in 1830 and 1837 he was sued for
default of several loans. Harriett Hale came from an old New England
family that had originally settled in Charlestown Massachusetts. Her Great Great Grandfather, Reverend John
Hale, was the first Minister of the First Parish Church in Beverly from1667 to
1700. She was a second cousin of the great Unitarian Minister and
author Edward Everett Hale, and a distant in-law cousin of the Honorable Edward
Everett, Governor of Massachusetts and brilliant abolitionist orator. Her
brother, George Dennison Hale, was for a time the Collector of Customs for the
district of Gloucester.
Thomas and Harriett had eight children, but only one son- Thomas, who married
Abigail Dodge Brownfrom Boothbay, Lincoln County Maine in
1851. They had three children living in 1858, when Thomas died of Consumption
followed by Abby in 1861. All three children were placed with other families.
Charles Thomas, the eldest, was taken in by Eben Blatchford but was soon
determined to be "stubborn" and committed to Reform School. After a time
at the Mass Maritime Academy in Marion, Charles left the US for Valparaiso
Chile. Their second son, Everett Wainwright, was the first in the family to be given that
name in 1855. He was likely named after the one time Governor of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and then US Senator Edward Everett. Whatever the reason, at least four
other individuals have shared the Everett name in our family since that time.
Unlike his brother, George Wainwright
chose the
fisherman's
life. The fishing industry started in Gloucester as a coastal enterprise in the mid-1600s, using
small boats with no decking- rowboats, really. In the 18th century,
shipyards in the Ipswich Parish of Chebaco (now the Town of Essex) built small
fishing boats called Chebacos, suitable for eight men to fish in the Banks
around Newfoundland. The fishermen owned shares in these boats, making it a
communal affair. Later, large schooners were built that spent months at sea.
They fished for Halibut, Cod, and Mackerel using hand lines dispensed from small
dory boats. Once caught, the fish was gutted, split, and stowed below decks in
salt until it could be landed back in Gloucester. It was an incredibly hard and
dangerous life, the stuff of epic romance. One of the best descriptions of the
Gloucester Fishermen of the 1800s can be found in Rudyard Kipling's classic novel, "Captain's
Courageous". The
Wainwright family experienced the inevitable tragedy of every Gloucester fishing
family. In February of 1860, George's eldest son George drowned
along with eight other crewmen aboard the fishing schooner
William S. Wonson
during the Great Gale of 1860. George's name is now forever recorded on
the Gloucester Fishermen's Memorial Cenotaph on Gloucester Harbor.
William Henry Wainwright, youngest son of George was born in 1843., He married Helena Louisa Fowler of Boston. He spent some of his life as a fisherman, and his later life as a general laborer. He died in 1900 at the Danvers Hospital for the Insane. Helena Louisa Fowler was the daughter of Edward L Fowler, a sailor from Nova Scotia and Helena Lander of Boston. Edward disappears from the public record after the birth of Helena's brother Morris Fowler in Boston in 1853. Helena's mother then moved to Gloucester and married Samuel Mess, a fisherman from Baltimore Maryland. It is curious that the record of this marriage lists Helena's family name as "Farmer".
William Henry and Helena Louisa had four children,
Everett spent his early years in Gloucester working for a codfish salting
company. After his marriage to Lottie Schwartz, he lived in Gloucester. Everett wanted very much to get
a job on the newly built Boston Elevated Railway and when the opportunity came,
he took a job as a streetcar conductor. For a time he traveled to his job over
the B&M Railroad but eventually he moved his family to West Eagle Street in East Boston
near the Lexington Street Car barns. Here they lived until about 1925 when,
according to family tradition, the trolley he was riding in was rammed by a fire
engine. His injuries were so severe that he could no longer perform his duties
as a conductor. For a time, he worked switching trolleys in front of his house,
but his condition deteriorated further Eventually, Everett was moved to the Long
Island Hospital for the Terminally Ill, where he died in 1926. Throughout this
ordeal, the family was forced to live on the donations of fellow transit
workers.
Everett and Lottie had four children. Alice Harriett Louisa, who was always known as Harriett, was
born in Gloucester. She was of great help in compiling this family history.
Mildred Elizabeth
was
born during the move to Boston. Fondly remembered by my father, she died at the
age of seven from Bright's Disease. Charles Everett, my father, was born in East Boston. Doris
Mary was born shortly before Everett died.
Charlie and Anna had four children, all born in East Boston or Winthrop.
Deanna Hope
married Martin Catyb
and live in Revere Massachusetts. Elaine Hedvig
lives in Malden Massachusetts. Linda Carole
married
John Foley of
Malden and later Thomas Cunningham
of
West Newbury and Richard Mooreof Malden Massachusetts. She lives in Malden Massachusetts.
When war broke out in 1941, Charlie registered for the Military Service.
Because of his age, and the silver plate in his forehead, he was turned down for
all active service. In 1943 he managed to enlist in the newly formed
Massachusetts State Guard as a member of the marching band. In 1946, when the
State Guard was merged with the Massachusetts Air National Guard, he entered
active reserve service as a
Charles Everett Wainwright died 1 Sept 1985 and is buried with his
wife Anna at the Forestdale Cemetery in Malden. Engraved on his headstone, below his
name is a musical "G" Clef, a symbol of the music that was so important to his
life.
Charlie and Anna's youngest child, Charles Everett Wainwright
Jr In
1981, Charlie married Candyce Selley Wyche
of Weston, Massachusetts and had two
children: Charles Cyril,
born in 1984, and Sarah Elizabeth,
born in 1991. He currently lives in Topsfield Massachusetts. |
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